Discovering the Significance of 5 sigma

TL;DR

This paper examines the traditional 5 sigma significance criterion in particle physics discoveries and explores whether a more nuanced approach could improve the reliability of scientific claims.

Contribution

It introduces the idea that the standard 5 sigma threshold may be insufficient and proposes considering alternative methods for assessing discovery significance.

Findings

Questioning the adequacy of the 5 sigma criterion

Suggesting a more nuanced significance assessment

Implications for future particle physics discoveries

Abstract

We discuss the traditional criterion for discovery in Particle Physics of requiring a significance corresponding to at least 5 sigma; and whether a more nuanced approach might be better.