Entangled phonons in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper theoretically investigates phonon entanglement in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates generated by analog Hawking and Casimir effects, using numerical modeling and entanglement criteria.

Contribution

It introduces a full microscopic simulation of phonon entanglement in BECs and assesses its robustness and experimental detectability.

Findings

Entanglement distribution varies in real and momentum spaces.

Entanglement persists at higher initial temperatures.

Proposes strategies for experimental detection.

Abstract

We theoretically study the entanglement between phonons spontaneously generated in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates by analog Hawking and dynamical Casimir processes. The quantum evolution of the system is numerically modeled by a truncated Wigner method based on a full microscopic description of the condensate and state non-separability is assessed by applying a generalized Peres-Horodecki criterion. The peculiar distribution of entanglement is described in both real and momentum spaces and its robustness against increasing initial temperature is investigated. Viable strategies to experimentally detect the predicted phonon entanglement are briefly discussed.