A search for pulsations in short gamma-ray bursts to constrain their progenitors

TL;DR

This study searched for periodic signals in 44 short gamma-ray bursts to identify their progenitors, finding no evidence of quasiperiodic signals, thus constraining the role of black hole-neutron star mergers in short GRBs.

Contribution

The paper introduces a tailored search method for quasiperiodic signals in short GRBs and provides upper limits on oscillation amplitudes, constraining progenitor models.

Findings

No periodic or quasiperiodic signals detected in the sample.

Upper limits set on oscillation amplitudes for the brightest GRBs.

Results suggest BH-NS mergers are not the dominant progenitors.

Abstract

We searched for periodic and quasiperiodic signal in the prompt emission of a sample of 44 bright short gamma-ray bursts detected with Fermi/GBM, Swift/BAT, and CGRO/BATSE. The aim was to look for the observational signature of quasiperiodic jet precession which is expected from black hole-neutron star mergers, but not from double neutron star systems. Thus, this kind of search holds the key to identify the progenitor systems of short GRBs and, in the wait for gravitational wave detection, represents the only direct way to constrain the progenitors. We tailored our search to the nature of the expected signal by properly stretching the observed light curves by an increasing factor with time, after calibrating the technique on synthetic curves. In none of the GRBs of our sample we found evidence for periodic or quasiperiodic signals. In particular, for the 7 unambiguously short GRBs with best S/N we obtained significant upper limits to the amplitude of the possible oscillations. This result suggests that BH-NS systems do not dominate the population of short GRB progenitors as described by the kinematic model of Stone, Loeb, & Berger (2013).