Pascal, Fermat et la g\'eom\'etrie du hasard

TL;DR

This paper explores the origins of probability theory through historical analysis of Pascal and Fermat's correspondence and Pascal's treatise, highlighting the foundational developments in the field.

Contribution

It provides a detailed historical study of the early development of probability theory based on primary sources and contextual analysis.

Findings

Identifies key moments in the birth of probability theory.

Analyzes the influence of Pascal and Fermat's correspondence.

Highlights Pascal's contributions through his treatise.

Abstract

Ce m\'emoire r\'ealis\'e \`a l'IUFM de Cr\'eteil en 1998 sous la direction d'Evelyne Barbin \'etudie l'histoire du d\'ebut du calcul des probabilit\'es. Sources: correspondance entre Pascal et Fermat, et Trait\'e du triangle arithm\'etique de Pascal. -- This report undertaken at the IUFM de Cr\'eteil in 1998 under the direction of Evelyne Barbin studies the birth of probability theory. Sources: correspondence between Pascal and Fermat, and Pascal's "Treatise on Arithmetical Triangle"