Anomalous-hydrodynamic analysis of charge-dependent elliptic flow in heavy-ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper develops a numerical simulation of anomalous hydrodynamics to study charge-dependent elliptic flow in heavy-ion collisions, revealing that certain flow differences are sensitive indicators of anomalous transport effects.

Contribution

It presents the first fully non-linear numerical simulations of anomalous hydrodynamics applied to heavy-ion collisions, exploring observable signatures of quantum anomalies.

Findings

Linear dependence of flow difference on charge asymmetry is not a robust anomaly signal.

Intercept at zero charge asymmetry is sensitive to anomalous transport effects.

Simulations provide new insights into experimental signatures of quantum anomalies.

Abstract

Anomalous hydrodynamics is a low-energy effective theory that captures effects of quantum anomalies. We develop a numerical code of anomalous hydrodynamics and apply it to dynamics of heavy-ion collisions, where anomalous transports are expected to occur. This is the first attempt to perform fully non-linear numerical simulations of anomalous hydrodynamics. We discuss implications of the simulations for possible experimental observations of anomalous transport effects. From analyses of the charge-dependent elliptic flow parameters ($v_2^\pm$) as a function of the net charge asymmetry $A_\pm$, we find that the linear dependence of $\Delta v_2^\pm \equiv v_2^- - v_2^+$ on the net charge asymmetry $A_\pm$ cannot be regarded as a robust signal of anomalous transports, contrary to previous studies. We, however, find that the intercept $\Delta v_2^\pm(A_\pm=0)$ is sensitive to anomalous transport effects.