The Gaia astrophysical parameters inference system (Apsis). Pre-launch description
C.A.L. Bailer-Jones, R. Andrae, B. Arcay, T. Astraatmadja, I., Bellas-Velidis, A. Berihuete, A. Bijaoui, C. Carri\'on, C. Dafonte, Y., Damerdji, A. Dapergolas, P. de Laverny, L. Delchambre, P. Drazinos, R., Drimmel, Y. Fr\'emat, D. Fustes, M. Garc\'ia-Torres, C. Gu\'ed\'e

TL;DR
The Gaia Apsis system is designed to classify celestial objects and infer their physical properties from Gaia satellite data, enabling detailed understanding of our Galaxy's stellar content with high accuracy before actual data analysis.
Contribution
This paper presents the Gaia Apsis data analysis system, detailing its methods for classifying objects and estimating astrophysical parameters across diverse celestial sources.
Findings
Achieved internal accuracy of ~100K in Teff for G=15 stars
Estimated parameters with 0.1mag in extinction and 0.2dex in metallicity
Demonstrated the system's potential performance prior to real Gaia data
Abstract
The Gaia satellite will survey the entire celestial sphere down to 20th magnitude, obtaining astrometry, photometry, and low resolution spectrophotometry on one billion astronomical sources, plus radial velocities for over one hundred million stars. Its main objective is to take a census of the stellar content of our Galaxy, with the goal of revealing its formation and evolution. Gaia's unique feature is the measurement of parallaxes and proper motions with hitherto unparalleled accuracy for many objects. As a survey, the physical properties of most of these objects are unknown. Here we describe the data analysis system put together by the Gaia consortium to classify these objects and to infer their astrophysical properties using the satellite's data. This system covers single stars, (unresolved) binary stars, quasars, and galaxies, all covering a wide parameter space. Multiple methods…
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