Analytic Function Theory for Operator-Valued Free Probability

TL;DR

This paper extends classical complex analysis characterizations of Cauchy transforms to operator-valued free probability, providing new analytic tools to understand non-commutative probability measures and their infinite divisibility.

Contribution

It offers a novel characterization of operator-valued Cauchy transforms and Voiculescu transforms based solely on their analytic and asymptotic properties, advancing non-commutative probability theory.

Findings

Characterization of operator-valued Cauchy transforms via analytic and asymptotic properties

Analytic description of Voiculescu transforms for infinitely divisible distributions

Nevalinna representation for non-commutative functions with specific asymptotics

Abstract

It is a classical result in complex analysis that the class of functions that arise as the Cauchy transform of probability measures may be characterized entirely in terms of their analytic and asymptotic properties. Such transforms are a main object of study in non-commutative probability theory as the function theory encodes information on the probability measures and the various convolution operations. In extending this theory to operator-valued free probability theory, the analogue of the Cauchy transform is a non-commutative function with domain equal to the non-commutative upper-half plane. In this paper, we prove an analogous characterization of the Cauchy transforms, again, entirely in terms of their analytic and asymptotic behavior. We further characterize those functions which arise as the Voiculescu transform of $\boxplus$-infinitely divisible $\mathcal{B}$-valued distributions. As consequences of these results, we provide a characterization of infinite divisibility in terms of the domain of the relevant Voiculescu transform, provide a purely analytic definition of the semigroups of completely positive maps associated to infinitely divisible distributions and provide a Nevanlinna representation for non-commutative functions with the appropriate asymptotic behavior.