Coupling and thermal equilibrium in general-covariant systems
Goffredo Chirco, Hal M. Haggard, Carlo Rovelli

TL;DR
This paper advances the understanding of statistical mechanics in general-covariant systems by exploring thermal equilibrium, coupling, and gauge relations, proposing a covariant formulation of thermalization.
Contribution
It introduces a covariant approach to statistical mechanics, analyzing equilibrium and coupling in parametrized systems within a gauge-invariant framework.
Findings
Thermalization corresponds to zero information flux in covariant systems.
A relation between thermal equilibrium and gauge invariance is established.
The study provides a foundation for a fully covariant statistical mechanics theory.
Abstract
A fully general-covariant formulation of statistical mechanics is still lacking. We take a step toward this theory by studying the meaning of statistical equilibrium for coupled, parametrized systems. We discuss how to couple parametrized systems. We express the thermalization hypothesis in a general-covariant context. This takes the form of vanishing of information flux. An interesting relation emerges between thermal equilibrium and gauge.
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