Simulation study on cavity growth in ductile metal materials under dynamic loading

TL;DR

This study uses the material point method to analyze cavity growth in ductile metals under dynamic loading, revealing staged growth behaviors, cavity interactions, and the effects of initial tensile velocity on growth rates and instabilities.

Contribution

It provides new insights into cavity growth mechanisms, interaction effects, and the influence of initial tensile velocity using detailed simulation analysis.

Findings

Cavity growth exhibits staged behavior with linear growth rates until the tensile wave reaches the surface.

Transverse cavity growth rate exceeds tensile direction growth rate.

Maximum particle velocities increase logarithmically with initial tensile speed.

Abstract

Cavity growth in ductile metal materials under dynamic loading is investigated via the material point method. Two typical cavity effects in the region subjected to rarefaction wave are identified: (i) part of material particles flow away from the cavity in comparison to the initial loading velocity, (ii) local regions show weaker negative or even positive pressures. Neighboring cavities interact via coalescence of isobaric contours. The growth of cavity under tension shows staged behaviors. After the initial slow stage, the volume and the dimensions in both the tensile and transverse directions show linear growth rate with time until the global tensile wave arrives at the upper free surface. It is interesting that the growth rate in the transverse direction is faster than that in the tensile direction. The volume growth rate linearly increases with the initial tensile velocity. After the global tensile wave passed the cavity, both the maximum particle velocity in the tensile direction and the maximum particle velocity in the opposite direction increase logarithmically with the initial tensile speed. The shock wave reflected back from the cavity and compression wave from the free surface induce the initial behavior of interfacial instabilities such as the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability, which is mainly responsible for the irregularity in the morphology of deformed cavity. The local temperatures and distribution of hot spots are determined by the plastic work. Compared with the dynamical process, the heat conduction is much slower.