Information processing and the second law of thermodynamics: an inclusive, Hamiltonian approach

TL;DR

This paper generalizes classical thermodynamic laws to include information processing by modeling heat, work, and information reservoirs within a Hamiltonian framework, revealing new insights into cyclic device behavior.

Contribution

It introduces an inclusive Hamiltonian approach to extend the second law of thermodynamics to systems involving information reservoirs.

Findings

Generalized Kelvin-Planck, Clausius, and Carnot statements for information processing

Explicit Hamiltonian modeling of all reservoirs and system interactions

Analysis of conditions for cyclic device motion in information thermodynamics

Abstract

We obtain generalizations of the Kelvin-Planck, Clausius, and Carnot statements of the second law of thermodynamics, for situations involving information processing. To this end, we consider an information reservoir (representing, e.g. a memory device) alongside the heat and work reservoirs that appear in traditional thermodynamic analyses. We derive our results within an inclusive framework in which all participating elements -- the system or device of interest, together with the heat, work and information reservoirs -- are modeled explicitly by a time-independent, classical Hamiltonian. We place particular emphasis on the limits and assumptions under which cyclic motion of the device of interest emerges from its interactions with work, heat, and information reservoirs.