Evaporation of (quantum) black holes and energy conservation

TL;DR

This paper investigates quantum-corrected Hawking radiation from black holes, demonstrating deviations from thermal spectra, information escape, and a deceleration in evaporation near the Planck mass due to energy conservation and quantum effects.

Contribution

It introduces a quantum Einstein gravity-based correction to black hole evaporation, accounting for energy conservation and back-scattering, revealing a deceleration near the Planck mass.

Findings

Radiation spectrum becomes non-thermal due to quantum corrections.

Black hole evaporation slows down near the Planck mass.

Evaporation process is consistent with energy conservation and information escape.

Abstract

We consider Hawking radiation as due to a tunneling process in a black hole were quantum corrections, derived from Quantum Einstein Gravity, are taken into account. The consequent derivation, satisfying conservation laws, leads to a deviation from an exact thermal spectrum. The non-thermal radiation is shown to carry information out of the black hole. Under the appropriate approximation, a quantum corrected temperature is assigned to the black hole. The evolution of the quantum black hole as it evaporates is then described by taking into account the full implications of energy conservation as well as the back-scattered radiation. It is shown that, as a critical mass of the order of Planck's mass is reached, the evaporation process decelerates abruptly while the black hole mass decays towards this critical mass.