Stability of three-fermion clusters with finite range of attraction

TL;DR

This paper investigates the stability and energy spectra of three-fermion clusters with finite-range attraction on a one-dimensional lattice, revealing conditions for stable trions and their spectral properties.

Contribution

It introduces a method to analyze three-body bound states with finite-range interactions and provides detailed spectra and stability regions for fermionic and bosonic cases.

Findings

Identification of a finite parameter region with stable fermion pairs and unbound fermion for S=1/2.

Calculation of ground and excited state energies of three-particle complexes.

Analysis of trion spectra and stability regions for different total spins.

Abstract

Three quantum particles with on-site repulsion and nearest-neighbour attraction on a one-dimensional lattice are considered. The three-body Schroedinger equation is reduced to a set of single-variable integral equations. Energies of three-particle bound complexes (trions) are found from self-consistency of the approximating matrix equation. In the case of spin-1/2 fermions, the ground state trion energy, the excited state energies, the trion spectra and stability regions are obtained for total spins S = 1/2 and S = 3/2. In the S = 1/2 sector, a narrow but finite parameter region is identified where the ground state consists of a stable fermion pair and an unbound fermion. Also presented is the reference case of spin-0 bosons.