The 3-3-1 model with inert scalar triplet

TL;DR

This paper proposes a 3-3-1 model with an inert scalar triplet that naturally accounts for dark matter, predicting specific mass and cross-section values consistent with relic density and detection constraints.

Contribution

It introduces an inert scalar triplet in the 3-3-1 model framework, providing a viable dark matter candidate with specific phenomenological predictions.

Findings

Dark matter candidate H_η is a singlet under SM symmetry.

H_η mass is predicted to be around 2 TeV.

H_η-nucleon cross-section matches experimental expectations.

Abstract

We show that the typical 3-3-1 models are only self-consistent if they contain interactions explicitly violating the lepton number. The 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos can by itself work as an economical 3-3-1 model as a natural recognition of the above criteria while it also results an inert scalar triplet (\eta) responsible for dark matter. This is ensured by a Z_2 symmetry (assigned so that only \eta is odd while all other multiplets which perform the economical 3-3-1 model are even), which is not broken by the vacuum. The minimal 3-3-1 model can provide a dark matter by a similar realization. Taking the former into account, we show that the dark matter candidate (H_\eta) contained in \eta transforms as a singlet in effective limit under the standard model symmetry and being naturally heavy. The H_\eta relic density and direct detection cross-section will get right values when the H_\eta mass is in TeV range as expected. The model predicts the H_\eta mass m_{H_\eta}=\lambda_5\times 2 TeV and the H_\eta-nucleon scattering cross-section \sigma_{H_\eta-N}=1.56\times 10^{-44} cm^2, provided that the new neutral Higgs boson is heavy enough than the dark matter.