Implementation of chromomagnetic gluons in Yang-Mills thermodynamics

TL;DR

This paper develops an effective SU(3) gluonic theory incorporating magnetic and electric gluons, matching lattice data and analyzing thermodynamics and trace anomaly behavior across the phase transition.

Contribution

It introduces a novel effective theory based on symmetries and their breaking, capturing the interplay of gluon types and matching high-precision lattice results.

Findings

Magnetic gluon condensate changes behavior above critical temperature

Effective theory matches lattice thermodynamics data

Analysis of trace anomaly properties across phase transition

Abstract

Motivated by the recent high-precision lattice data on Yang-Mills equations of state, we propose an effective theory of SU(3) gluonic matter. The theory is constructed based on the center and scale symmetries and their dynamical breaking, so that the interplay between color-electric and color-magnetic gluons is included coherently. We suggest, that the magnetic gluon condensate changes its thermal behavior qualitatively above the critical temperature, as a consequence of the matching to dimensionally-reduced magnetic theories. We consider thermodynamics in the mean field approximation and discuss the properties and interpretation of the trace anomaly.