Intrinsic Fluctuations of Dust Grain Charge in Multi-component Plasmas

TL;DR

This paper develops a mathematical framework using master and Fokker-Planck equations to model and analyze the intrinsic fluctuations of dust grain charge in complex multi-component plasmas, providing analytical and numerical insights.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to model dust grain charge fluctuations in multi-component plasmas using master and Fokker-Planck equations, including an example with Maxwellian distributions.

Findings

Gaussian solution matches numerical master equation results

Analytical equations describe mean and variance of charge fluctuations

Model applicable to plasmas with multiple ion species

Abstract

A master equation is formulated to model the states of the grain charge in a general multi-component plasma, where there are electrons and various kinds of positive or negative ions that are singly or multiply charged. A Fokker-Planck equation is developed from the master equation through the system-size expansion method. The Fokker-Planck equation has a Gaussian solution with a mean and variance governed by two initial-value differential equations involving the rates of the attachment of ions and electrons to the dust grain. Grain charging in a plasma containing electrons, protons and alpha particles with Maxwellian distributions is considered as an example problem. The Gaussian solution is in very good agreement with the master equation solution numerically obtained for this problem.