An apparatus for studying spallation neutrons in the Aberdeen Tunnel laboratory
S. C. Blyth, Y. L. Chan, X. C. Chen, M. C. Chu, R. L. Hahn, T. H. Ho,, Y. B. Hsiung, B. Z. Hu, K. K. Kwan, M. W. Kwok, T. Kwok, Y. P. Lau, K. P., Lee, J. K. C. Leung, K. Y. Leung, G. L. Lin, Y. C. Lin, K. B. Luk, W. H. Luk,, H. Y. Ngai, S. Y. Ngan, C. S. J. Pun, K. Shih
TL;DR
This paper details the design and performance of an apparatus in Hong Kong's Aberdeen Tunnel for studying neutrons produced by cosmic-ray muons, utilizing scintillator detectors and Gadolinium doping.
Contribution
It introduces a novel apparatus combining multiple scintillator layers and Gadolinium doping for effective spallation neutron detection in a tunnel environment.
Findings
Successful detection of spallation neutrons induced by cosmic-ray muons.
High efficiency achieved with Gadolinium-doped liquid scintillator.
Performance validation of the apparatus in underground conditions.
Abstract
In this paper, we describe the design, construction and performance of an apparatus installed in the Aberdeen Tunnel laboratory in Hong Kong for studying spallation neutrons induced by cosmic-ray muons under a vertical rock overburden of 611 meter water equivalent (m.w.e.). The apparatus comprises of six horizontal layers of plastic-scintillator hodoscopes for determining the direction and position of the incident cosmic-ray muons. Sandwiched between the hodoscope planes is a neutron detector filled with 650 kg of liquid scintillator doped with about 0.06% of Gadolinium by weight for improving the efficiency of detecting the spallation neutrons. Performance of the apparatus is also presented.
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