Kerr-AdS analogue of triple point and solid/liquid/gas phase transition

TL;DR

This paper explores the complex thermodynamic phase transitions of multi-spinning Kerr-AdS black holes in six dimensions, revealing phenomena analogous to everyday substances like solid, liquid, and gas, depending on angular momentum ratios.

Contribution

It identifies new phase transition behaviors in Kerr-AdS black holes, including solid/liquid and triple point analogues, dependent on the ratio of angular momenta, expanding understanding of black hole thermodynamics.

Findings

Reentrant large/small/large black hole phase transitions for q=0

Solid/liquid phase transition analogue for small q

Presence of a triple point with multiple critical points for intermediate q

Abstract

We study the thermodynamic behavior of multi-spinning d=6 Kerr-anti de Sitter black holes in the canonical ensemble of fixed angular momenta J1 and J2. We find, dependent on the ratio q=J2/J1, qualitatively different interesting phenomena known from the `every day thermodynamics' of simple substances. For q=0 the system exhibits recently observed reentrant large/small/large black hole phase transitions, but for 0<q<<1 we find an analogue of a `solid/liquid' phase transition. Furthermore, for 0.00905<q<0.0985 the system displays the presence of a large/intermediate/small black hole phase transition with one tricritical and two critical points. This behavior is reminiscent of the solid/liquid/gas phase transition except that the coexistence line of small and intermediate black holes does not continue for an arbitrary value of pressure (similar to the solid/liquid coexistence line) but rather terminates at one of the critical points. Finally, for q>0.0985 we observe the `standard liquid/gas behavior' of the Van der Waals fluid.