Localized Fermions on Domain Walls and Extended Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics

TL;DR

This paper explores how fermionic fields localized on domain walls in a grand unified theory exhibit extended supersymmetric quantum mechanics structures, revealing new algebraic symmetries and dualities at different coupling scales.

Contribution

It uncovers the connection between localized fermions and multiple N=2, d=1 supersymmetries, forming higher order representations and an N=4 supersymmetry at unification scale.

Findings

Fermionic degrees of freedom are linked to three N=2, d=1 supersymmetric algebras.

Higher order N=2, d=1 representations are invariant under duality transformations.

At the unification scale, supersymmetries combine into an N=4, d=1 structure.

Abstract

We study fermionic fields localized on topologically unstable domain walls bounded by strings in a grand unified theory theoretical framework. Particularly, we found that the localized fermionic degrees of freedom, which are up and down quarks as long as charged leptons, are connected to three independent N=2, $d=1$ supersymmetric quantum mechanics algebras. As we demonstrate, these algebras can be combined to form higher order representations of N=2, $d=1$ supersymmetry. Due to the uniform coupling of the domain wall solutions to the down-quarks and leptons, we also show that a higher order N=2, $d=1$ representation of the down-quark--lepton system is invariant under a duality transformation between the couplings. In addition, the two N=2, $d=1$ supersymmetries of the down-quark--lepton system, combine at the coupling unification scale to an N=4, $d=1$ supersymmetry. Furthermore, we present the various extra geometric and algebraic attributes that the fermionic systems acquire, owing to the underlying N=2, $d=1$ algebras.