Gauge-flation confronted with Planck

TL;DR

Gauge-flation, a model where inflation is driven by a non-Abelian gauge field, is tested against Planck data and found incompatible due to its scalar and tensor perturbation predictions, thus being ruled out.

Contribution

This paper improves the computation of scalar and tensor perturbations in Gauge-flation and confronts the model with Planck data, demonstrating its incompatibility.

Findings

Scalar perturbations show tachyonic instability for b3 < 2

No b3 value yields acceptable spectral index and tensor-to-scalar ratio

Gauge-flation is ruled out by current CMB observations

Abstract

Gauge-flation is a recently proposed model in which inflation is driven solely by a non-Abelian gauge field thanks to a specific higher order derivative operator. The nature of the operator is such that it does not introduce ghosts. We compute the cosmological scalar and tensor perturbations for this model, improving over an existing computation. We then confront these results with the Planck data. The model is characterized by the quantity \gamma = (g^2 Q^2)/H^2 (where g is the gauge coupling constant, Q the vector vev, and H the Hubble rate). For \gamma < 2, the scalar perturbations show a strong tachyonic instability. In the stable region, the scalar power spectrum n_s is too low at small \gamma, while the tensor-to-scalar ratio r is too high at large \gamma. No value of \gamma leads to acceptable values for n_s and r, and so the model is ruled out by the CMB data. The same behavior with \gamma was obtained in Chromo-natural inflation, a model in which inflation is driven by a pseudo-scalar coupled to a non-Abelian gauge field. When the pseudo-scalar can be integrated out, one recovers the model of Gauge-flation plus corrections. It was shown that this identification is very accurate at the background level, but differences emerged in the literature concerning the perturbations of the two models. On the contrary, our results show that the analogy between the two models continues to be accurate also at the perturbative level.