A Critical String Theory in (3+1)+4 Dimensions for the Standard Model with Three Generations of Fermions and Ultra-Heavy Sterile Right-Handed Neutrinos

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel anomaly-free string theory in (3+1)+4 dimensions that models the Standard Model with three fermion generations, incorporating sterile right-handed neutrinos and explaining mass generation via tachyon coupling.

Contribution

It introduces a new string framework with a redefined vacuum state, resulting in a consistent (3+1)+4 dimensional theory that reproduces key features of the Standard Model without space-time supersymmetry.

Findings

Anomaly-free string theory in (3+1)+4 dimensions.

Reproduction of Standard Model gauge symmetries and fermion generations.

Mechanism for fermion mass generation via tachyon coupling.

Abstract

Redefining the vacuum state of a free two-fold $N=1$ covariant supersymmetric string action as the one with all the excited states of world-sheet fermions occupied, makes the theory anomaly free in (3+1)+4 dimensions. While in the $NS$ sector the spectrum resembles the same for the standard $N=1$ superstring theory with one of the $N$ species in the background, in the $R$ sector both the species of fermions are required to describe the relevant spin operators to describe the fermion spectra. A crucial difference from the $D=10, N=1$ theory is that the fermions states are Dirac particles instead of Majorana-Weyl. Even though the full spectrum of the theory contains both bosons and fermions of various spin, there is no space-time supersymmetry due to obvious lack of triality. The four coordinates of the 4 dimensional Euclidean space describes a $CP^2$ to define the confined gauge symmetry $SU(3)_C$. The bosonization of their supersymmetric partners yields additional two coordinates to describe a $S^2$ that defines the $SU(2)_L$ of the Standard Model. There should be three types of left-handed neutrinos. The right-handed neutrino becomes sterile. Spinors and gauge bosons derive their masses through coupling to the tachyons present in the spectrum via SSB and strings become point-particles below the critical temperature.