The Northern High Time Resolution Universe Pulsar Survey I: Setup and initial discoveries

TL;DR

This paper details the setup and initial findings of a high-frequency pulsar survey using the Effelsberg telescope, discovering 15 pulsars and demonstrating enhanced sensitivity to millisecond pulsars and fast transients.

Contribution

It introduces a new high-resolution survey setup and reports the first discoveries, including a young pulsar and a binary millisecond pulsar, expanding the known pulsar population in the northern sky.

Findings

Discovered 15 new pulsars, including a young and a binary millisecond pulsar.

Enhanced sensitivity to millisecond pulsars and fast transients due to high time and frequency resolution.

Timing solutions provided for all newly discovered pulsars.

Abstract

We report on the setup and initial discoveries of the Northern High Time Resolution Universe survey for pulsars and fast transients, the first major pulsar survey conducted with the 100-m Effelsberg radio telescope and the first in 20 years to observe the whole northern sky at high radio frequencies. Using a newly developed 7-beam receiver system combined with a state-of-the-art polyphase filterbank, we record an effective bandwidth of 240 MHz in 410 channels centred on 1.36 GHz with a time resolution of 54 $\mu$s. Such fine time and frequency resolution increases our sensitivity to millisecond pulsars and fast transients, especially deep inside the Galaxy, where previous surveys have been limited due to intra-channel dispersive smearing. To optimise observing time, the survey is split into three integration regimes dependent on Galactic latitude, with 1500-s, 180-s and 90-s integrations for latitude ranges $|b|<3.5^{\circ}$, $|b|<15^{\circ}$ and $|b|>15^{\circ}$, respectively. The survey has so far resulted in the discovery of 15 radio pulsars, including a pulsar with a characteristic age of $\sim18$ kyr, {PSR J2004+3429}, and a highly eccentric, binary millisecond pulsar, {PSR J1946+3417}. All newly discovered pulsars are timed using the 76-m Lovell radio telescope at the Jodrell Bank Observatory and the Effelsberg radio telescope. We present timing solutions for all newly discovered pulsars and discuss potential supernova remnant associations for {PSR J2004+3429}.