Kerman-Onishi conditions in self-consistent tilted-axis-cranking mean-field calculations

TL;DR

This paper investigates the Kerman-Onishi conditions in self-consistent tilted-axis-cranking mean-field calculations, confirming their validity and importance for accurately modeling nuclear rotational states.

Contribution

It provides a systematic analysis of the Kerman-Onishi conditions within self-consistent TAC mean-field calculations, highlighting their high accuracy and implications for nuclear structure modeling.

Findings

Kerman-Onishi conditions are obeyed with high precision in self-consistent calculations.

Small deviations with pairing are due to quasiparticle spectrum truncation.

Constraints on off-diagonal quadrupole components are essential for convergence.

Abstract

\item[Background] For cranked mean-field calculations with arbitrarily oriented rotational frequency vector $\boldsymbol{\omega}$ in the intrinsic frame, one has to employ constraints on average values of the quadrupole-moment tensor, so as to keep the nucleus in the principal-axis reference frame. Kerman and Onishi [Nucl. Phys. A {\bf 361}, 179 (1981)] have shown that the Lagrangian multipliers that correspond to the required constraints are proportional to $\boldsymbol{\omega} \times \boldsymbol{J}$, where $\boldsymbol{J}$ is the average angular momentum vector. \item[Purpose] We study the validity and consequences of the Kerman-Onishi conditions in the context of self-consistent tilted-axis-cranking (TAC) mean-field calculations. \item[Methods] We perform a two-dimensional self-consistent calculations (with and without pairing) utilizing the symmetry-unrestricted solver {\sc hfodd}. At each tilting angle, we compare the calculated values of quadrupole-moment-tensor Lagrangian multipliers and $\boldsymbol{\omega} \times \boldsymbol{J}$. \item[Results] We show that in self-consistent calculations, the Kerman-Onishi conditions are obeyed with high precision. Small deviations seen in the calculations with pairing can be attributed to the truncation of the quasiparticle spectrum. We also provide results of systematic TAC calculations for triaxial strongly deformed bands in $^{160}$Yb. \item[Conclusions] For non-stationary TAC solutions, Kerman-Onishi conditions link the non-zero values of the angle between rotational-frequency and angular-momentum vectors to the constraints on off-diagonal components of the quadrupole-moment tensor. To stabilize the convergence of self-consistent iterations, such constraints have to be taken into account. Only then one can determine the Routhian surfaces as functions of the tilting angles.