A Herschel-ATLAS study of dusty spheroids: probing the minor-merger process in the local Universe

TL;DR

This study uses multi-wavelength data to analyze 23 nearby spheroidal galaxies with dust lanes, revealing that minor mergers significantly influence their interstellar medium and star formation, with external gas accretion playing a key role.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the ISM and star formation in spheroids, demonstrating the impact of minor mergers and external gas accretion in the local Universe.

Findings

DLSGs have star formation rates up to 10 MSun/yr.

Dust masses are at least 50 times higher than stellar mass loss expectations.

External processes dominate the ISM and star formation in these galaxies.

Abstract

We use multi-wavelength (0.12 - 500 micron) photometry from Herschel-ATLAS, WISE, UKIDSS, SDSS and GALEX, to study 23 nearby spheroidal galaxies with prominent dust lanes (DLSGs). DLSGs are considered to be remnants of recent minor mergers, making them ideal laboratories for studying both the interstellar medium (ISM) of spheroids and minor-merger-driven star formation in the nearby Universe. The DLSGs exhibit star formation rates (SFRs) between 0.01 and 10 MSun yr^-1, with a median of 0.26 MSun yr^-1 (a factor of 3.5 greater than the average SG). The median dust mass, dust-to-stellar mass ratio and dust temperature in these galaxies are around 10^7.6 MSun yr^-1, ~0.05% and ~19.5 K respectively. The dust masses are at least a factor of 50 greater than that expected from stellar mass loss and, like the SFRs, show no correlation with galaxy luminosity, suggesting that both the ISM and the star formation have external drivers. Adopting literature gas-to-dust ratios and star formation histories derived from fits to the panchromatic photometry, we estimate that the median current and initial gas-to-stellar mass ratios in these systems are ~4% and ~7% respectively. If, as indicated by recent work, minor mergers that drive star formation in spheroids with (NUV-r)>3.8 (the colour range of our DLSGs) have stellar mass ratios between 1:6 and 1:10, then the satellite gas fractions are likely >50%.