Neutrino signature of supernova hydrodynamical instabilities in three dimensions

TL;DR

This paper presents 3D supernova simulations revealing how different hydrodynamic instabilities, like SASI and convection, influence neutrino signals, which can be detected to diagnose supernova dynamics.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed 3D simulations linking supernova hydrodynamics with observable neutrino signals, highlighting SASI effects in high-mass progenitors.

Findings

SASI causes detectable 80 Hz neutrino modulation.

Convection dominates in low-mass progenitors.

Neutrino signals can diagnose supernova instabilities.

Abstract

The first full-scale three-dimensional (3D) core-collapse supernova (SN) simulations with sophisticated neutrino transport show pronounced effects of the standing accretion shock instability (SASI) for two high-mass progenitors (20 and 27 M_sun). In a low-mass progenitor (11.2 M_sun), large-scale convection is the dominant nonradial hydrodynamic instability in the postshock accretion layer. The SASI-associated modulation of the neutrino signal (80 Hz in our two examples) will be clearly detectable in IceCube or the future Hyper-Kamiokande detector, depending on progenitor properties, distance, and observer location relative to the main SASI sloshing direction. The neutrino signal from the next galactic SN can therefore diagnose the nature of the hydrodynamic instability.