Nucleon decay via dimension 6 operators in anomalous U(1)_A SUSY GUT

TL;DR

This paper calculates nucleon decay lifetimes in anomalous U(1)_A SUSY GUT models, showing potential for experimental detection and methods to distinguish grand unification groups via decay ratio measurements.

Contribution

It introduces a framework to predict nucleon decay rates in anomalous U(1)_A SUSY GUTs and proposes decay ratio measurements to identify the specific grand unification group.

Findings

Predicted nucleon lifetime near experimental bounds.

Decay ratios R_1 and R_2 differentiate GUT groups.

Smaller unification scale in anomalous U(1)_A models.

Abstract

Nucleon lifetimes for various decay modes via dimension 6 operators are calculated in the anomalous $U(1)_A$ GUT scenario, in which the unification scale $\Lambda_u$ becomes smaller than the usual supersymmetric (SUSY) unification scale $\Lambda_G=2\times 10^{16}$ GeV in general. Since the predicted lifetime $\tau(p\rightarrow \pi^0+e^c)$ becomes around the experimental lower bound though it is strongly dependent on the explicit models, the discovery of the nucleon decay in near future can be expected. We explain why the two ratios $R_1\equiv\frac{\Gamma_{n \rightarrow \pi^0 + \nu^c}}{\Gamma_{p \rightarrow \pi^0 + e^c}}$ and $R_2\equiv\frac{\Gamma_{p \rightarrow K^0 + \mu^c}}{\Gamma_{p \rightarrow \pi^0 + e^c}}$ are important in identifying grand unification group and we show that three anomalous $U(1)_A$ SUSY GUT models with $SU(5)$, $SO(10)$ and $E_6$ grand unification group can be identified by measuring the two ratios. If $R_1$ is larger than $0.4$, the grand unification group is not $SU(5)$, and moreover if $R_2$ is larger than $0.3$, the grand unification group is implied to be $E_6$.