Nonflat time-variable dark energy cosmology

TL;DR

This paper extends the $\Phi$CDM dark energy model to nonflat geometries, demonstrating a stable attractor solution where scalar field energy density grows relative to spatial curvature, providing a complete dynamical dark energy model.

Contribution

It introduces the first consistent dynamical dark energy model applicable to nonflat geometries with a stable attractor solution.

Findings

Scalar field solution is a time-dependent fixed point in nonflat space.

Scalar field energy density grows relative to spatial curvature.

First complete model of dynamical dark energy in nonflat geometry.

Abstract

We generalize the time-variable dark energy scalar field $\Phi$ model ($\Phi$CDM) to nonflat space. We show that even in the space-curvature-dominated epoch the scalar field solution is a time-dependent fixed point or attractor, with scalar field energy density that grows relative to the energy density in spatial curvature. This is the first example of a physically consistent and complete model of dynamical dark energy in a nonflat geometry.