Universal scaling at non-thermal fixed points of a two-component Bose gas

TL;DR

This paper investigates the universal scaling behavior of a two-component Bose gas at non-thermal fixed points, revealing how topological defects and turbulence lead to characteristic power-law correlations in far-from-equilibrium states.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the universal scaling laws and critical exponents at non-thermal fixed points in a two-component Bose gas, including the role of topological defects.

Findings

Universal power-law spectra at non-thermal fixed points

Scaling exponents vary across the miscible-immiscible transition

Topological defects influence the turbulence-driven cascades

Abstract

Quasi-stationary far-from-equilibrium critical states of a two-component Bose gas are studied in two spatial dimensions. After the system has undergone an initial dynamical instability it approaches a non-thermal fixed point. At this critical point the structure of the gas is characterised by ensembles of (quasi-)topological defects such as vortices, skyrmions and solitons which give rise to universal power-law behaviour of momentum correlation functions. The resulting power-law spectra can be interpreted in terms of strong-wave-turbulence cascades driven by particle transport into long-wave-length excitations. Scaling exponents are determined on both sides of the miscible-immiscible transition controlled by the ratio of the intra-species to inter-species couplings. Making use of quantum turbulence methods, we explain the specific values of the exponents from the presence of transient (quasi-)topological defects.