M-GEAR: Gateway-Based Energy-Aware Multi-Hop Routing Protocol for WSNs

TL;DR

This paper proposes M-GEAR, a gateway-based energy-efficient routing protocol for WSNs that improves energy consumption and network lifetime by strategic node division, region-based clustering, and comparison with LEACH.

Contribution

Introduces M-GEAR, a novel routing protocol with region-based clustering and gateway deployment to enhance energy efficiency in WSNs.

Findings

M-GEAR reduces energy consumption compared to LEACH.

Network lifetime is significantly extended with M-GEAR.

Region-based clustering improves routing efficiency.

Abstract

In this research work, we advise gateway based energy-efficient routing protocol (M-GEAR) for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). We divide the sensor nodes into four logical regions on the basis of their location in the sensing field. We install Base Station (BS) out of the sensing area and a gateway node at the centre of the sensing area. If the distance of a sensor node from BS or gateway is less than predefined distance threshold, the node uses direct communication. We divide the rest of nodes into two equal regions whose distance is beyond the threshold distance. We select cluster heads (CHs)in each region which are independent of the other region. These CHs are selected on the basis of a probability. We compare performance of our protocol with LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy). Performance analysis and compared statistic results show that our proposed protocol perform well in terms of energy consumption and network lifetime.