Squeezing in Bose-Einstein condensates with large numbers of atoms

TL;DR

This paper explores the potential for achieving large relative number squeezing in large Bose-Einstein condensates, identifying limiting processes and proposing methods to optimize measurable squeezing in specific trap geometries.

Contribution

It demonstrates that high levels of squeezing are feasible in large condensates and introduces a $c$-pulse technique to enhance mode-matching and measurable squeezing.

Findings

Large squeezing is theoretically possible in ideal conditions.

Realistic trap effects limit measurable squeezing.

Using a $c$-pulse improves mode-matching and squeezing measurement.

Abstract

We examine the feasibility of creating and measuring large relative number squeezing in multicomponent trapped Bose-Einstein condensates. In the absence of multimode effects, this squeezing can be arbitrarily large for arbitrarily large condensates, but a range of processes limit the measurable squeezing in realistic trap configurations. We examine these processes, and suggest methods to mitigate them. We conclude that high levels of squeezing with large numbers of atoms is feasible, but can realistically only be achieved in particular trap geometries. We also introduce a method of maximising the measurable squeezing by using a $\pi$-pulse during the process to improve spatial mode-matching.