Hyperquarks and bosonic preon bound states

TL;DR

This paper proposes a preon model where leptons, quarks, and hyperquarks are composite, predicts new gauge bosons, and suggests a unification scheme that aligns well with observed Weinberg angle and estimates key energy scales.

Contribution

It introduces a preon-based model with composite gauge bosons, extending the standard model to include hyperquarks and unification schemes based on SU(6)_P and SU(9)_G.

Findings

Prediction of new composite gauge bosons responsible for hyperquark and proton decay.

Calculation of unification and hyperquark mass scales using evolution equations.

Estimate of the lightest hyperhadron's mass and decay rate.

Abstract

In a model in which leptons, quarks, and the recently introduced hyperquarks are built up from two fundamental spin 1/2 preons, the standard model weak gauge bosons emerge as preon bound states. In addition, the model predicts a host of new composite gauge bosons, in particular those responsible for hyperquark and proton decay. Their presence entails a left-right symmetric extension of the standard model weak interactions and a scheme for a partial and grand unification of nongravitational interactions based on respectively the effective gauge groups SU(6)_P and SU(9)_G. This leads to a prediction of the Weinberg angle at low energies in good agreement with experiment. Furthermore, using evolution equations for the effective coupling strengths, we calculate the partial and grand unification scales, the hyperquark mass scale, as well as the mass and decay rate of the lightest hyperhadron.