Time-symmetric quantization in spacetimes with event horizons

TL;DR

This paper introduces a time-symmetric quantization approach that prevents thermal radiation and ensures unitary evolution in spacetimes with event horizons, challenging the traditional view linked to the black hole information paradox.

Contribution

It proposes an alternative quantization formalism that maintains unitarity and avoids thermal radiation, offering a new perspective on quantum behavior near black holes.

Findings

Time-symmetric quantization eliminates thermal radiation in spacetimes with horizons.

The formalism preserves microcausality and is theoretically consistent.

It suggests that the standard approach's non-unitarity is due to time asymmetry.

Abstract

The standard quantization formalism in spacetimes with event horizons implies a non-unitary evolution of quantum states, as initial pure states may evolve into thermal states. This phenomenon is behind the famous black hole information loss paradox which provoked long-standing debates on the compatibility of quantum mechanics and gravity. In this paper we demonstrate that within an alternative time-symmetric quantization formalism thermal radiation is absent and states evolve unitarily in spacetimes with event horizons. We also discuss the theoretical consistency of the proposed formalism. We explicitly demonstrate that the theory preserves the microcausality condition and suggest a "reinterpretation postulate" to resolve other apparent pathologies associated with negative energy states. Accordingly as there is a consistent alternative, we argue that choosing to use time-asymmetric quantization is a necessary condition for the black hole information loss paradox.