Control of multiscale systems with constraints. 2. Fractal nuclear isomers and clusters

TL;DR

This paper introduces a phenomenological theory for fractal nuclear structures, revealing their high binding energies and potential for energy sources, based on a modified Bethe-Weizsäcker formula and the concept of collective coherent states.

Contribution

It develops a new theoretical framework for fractal nuclear isomers, extending the Bethe-Weizsäcker formula to account for fractal dimensions and collective coherence effects.

Findings

Fractal nuclear isomers have higher binding energies than traditional nuclei.

Transition to fractal or bubble nuclear states offers new energy sources.

Method proposed to determine fractal dimensions via nuclear dipole resonance.

Abstract

We consider the influence of the Fermi statistics of nucleons on the binding energy of a new type of nuclear structures such as fractal nuclear clusters (fractal isomers of nuclei). It is shown that the fractal nuclear isomers possess a wide spectrum of binding energies that exceed, in many cases, the values known at the present time. The transition of the nuclear matter in the form of ordinary nuclei (drops of the nuclear fluid) in the state with the fractal structure or in the form of bubble nuclei opens new sources of energy and has huge perspectives. This transition is based on a new state of matter - collective coherently correlated state. It manifests itself, first of all, in the property of nonlocality of nuclear multiparticle processes. We develop a phenomenological theory of the binding energy of nuclear fractal structures and modify the Bethe - Weizs\"acker formula for nuclear clusters with the mass number A, charge Z, and fractal dimension D_f. The consideration of fractal nuclear isomers allows one to interpret the experimental results on a new level of the comprehension of processes of the nuclear dynamics. The possibility to determine the fractal dimension of nuclear systems with the help of the method of nuclear dipole resonance for fractal isomers is discussed. The basic relations for fractal electroneutral structures such as the electron-nucleus plasma of fractal isomers are presented.