TL;DR
This paper develops a comprehensive quantum theory of quantum friction, linking it to system instabilities and the Cherenkov effect, and shows it can occur even in lossless, nondispersive dielectrics.
Contribution
It introduces a new quantum electrodynamics framework for quantum friction, accounting for instabilities and mode hybridization in moving bodies.
Findings
Quantum friction can occur in lossless, nondispersive dielectrics.
Friction is linked to instabilities related to the Cherenkov effect.
Selection rules for interacting modes are derived.
Abstract
Here, we develop a comprehensive quantum theory for the phenomenon of quantum friction. Based on a theory of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics for unstable systems, we calculate the quantum expectation of the friction force, and link the friction effect to the emergence of system instabilities related to the Cherenkov effect. These instabilities may occur due to the hybridization of particular guided modes supported by the individual moving bodies, and selection rules for the interacting modes are derived. It is proven that the quantum friction effect can take place even when the interacting bodies are lossless and made of nondispersive dielectrics.
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