Non-Doppler Redshift and Redshifts of QSOs

TL;DR

This paper proposes that quasar redshifts are influenced by a soft photon process rather than cosmic expansion, challenging the traditional Hubble law-based distance estimates and resolving some existing difficulties.

Contribution

It introduces a non-Doppler redshift mechanism for quasars, offering an alternative explanation to their observed redshifts and revising their distance estimates.

Findings

Quasar redshifts can be explained by the soft photon process.

Distances of quasars are likely smaller than previously thought.

The difficulties in understanding quasars are alleviated.

Abstract

Quasars have reigned as the most luminous and distant objects in the Universe. These concepts were based on the hypothesis that the redshifts of quasars are obeying the Hubble low. This hypothesis has little serious competition today, but has met some difficulties when using it to determine the distances of quasars. However, the majority of the redshifts of quasars can be explained by the soft photon process proposed by Zheng (2013), then quasars are not located at the distances as that calculated from observed redshifts according to the Hubble low. Therefore distances of quasars can be reduced to a reasonable range, and the difficulties have met by quasars disappeared.