Deep Luminosity Functions and Colour-Magnitude Relations for Cluster Galaxies at 0.2 < z < 0.6

TL;DR

This study uses HST imaging to analyze the luminosity functions and colour-magnitude relations of galaxy clusters at redshifts 0.2 to 0.6, revealing passive evolution and environmental independence of galaxy properties.

Contribution

It provides the first deep luminosity functions and colour-magnitude diagrams for clusters at these redshifts, showing consistent galaxy assembly and passive evolution across different dynamical states.

Findings

Characteristic magnitude $M^*$ evolves passively up to $z=0.6

Faint end slope $eta \,\sim\, -1$ remains constant

Blue galaxy fraction increases with redshift, especially at faint magnitudes

Abstract

We derive deep $I$ band luminosity functions and colour-magnitude diagrams from HST imaging for eleven $0.2<z<0.6$ clusters observed at various stages of merging, and a comparison sample of five more relaxed clusters at similar redshifts. The characteristic magnitude $M^*$ evolves passively out to $z=0.6$, while the faint end slope of the luminosity function is $\alpha \sim -1$ at all redshifts. Cluster galaxies must have been completely assembled down to $M_I \sim -18$ out to $z=0.6$. We observe tight colour-magnitude relations over a luminosity range of up to 8 magnitudes, consistent with the passive evolution of ancient stellar populations. This is found in all clusters, irrespective of their dynamical status (involved in a collision or not, or even within subclusters for the same object) and suggests that environment does not have a strong influence on galaxy properties. A red sequence luminosity function can be followed to the limits of our photometry: we see no evidence of a weakening of the red sequence to $z=0.6$. The blue galaxy fraction rises with redshift, especially at fainter absolute magnitudes. We observe bright blue galaxies in clusters at $z > 0.4$ that are not encountered locally. Surface brightness selection effects preferentially influence the detectability of faint red galaxies, accounting for claims of evolution at the faint end.