Vortex polygons and their stabilities in Bose-Einstein condensates and field theory

TL;DR

This paper investigates the stability of vortex polygons in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates and compares these findings with vortex configurations in the baby-Skyrme model, revealing stability thresholds and metastability conditions.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed stability analysis of vortex polygons in Bose-Einstein condensates and relates these results to similar structures in high-energy physics models.

Findings

Vortex polygons are stable for total circulation Q ≤ 5.

Vortex polygons are metastable at Q = 6.

Vortex polygons become unstable for Q ≥ 7.

Abstract

We study vortex polygons and their stabilities in miscible two-component Bose-Einstein condensates, and find that vortex polygons are stable for the total circulation $Q \leq 5$, metastable for $Q = 6$, and unstable for $Q \geq 7$. As a related model in high-energy physics, we also study the vortex polygon of the baby-Skyrme model with an anti-ferromagnetic potential term, and compare both results.