Quasi-One-Dimensional Dipolar Quantum Gases

TL;DR

This paper investigates dipolar quantum gases confined in a quasi-one-dimensional tube, revealing how their effective interactions include attractive parts leading to bound states and resonances, with behaviors akin to short-range gases.

Contribution

It derives the effective one-dimensional interaction potential for dipolar gases and uncovers the emergence of dipole-induced resonances and unconventional low-energy scattering behavior.

Findings

Effective 1D potential includes attractive parts due to high-order scattering.

Identification of dipole-induced resonances in low-dimensional systems.

Emergence of short-range-like behavior at resonance despite long-range interactions.

Abstract

In this letter we consider dipolar quantum gases in a quasi-one-dimensional tube with dipole moment perpendicular to the tube direction. We deduce the effective one-dimensional interaction potential and show that this potential is not purely repulsive, but rather has an attractive part due to high-order scattering processes through transverse excited states. The attractive part can induce bound state and cause scattering resonances. This represents the dipole induced resonance in low-dimension. We work out an unconventional behavior of low-energy phase shift for this effective potential and show how it evolves across a resonance. Based on the phase shift, the interaction energy of spinless bosons is obtained using asymptotic Bethe ansatz. Despite of long-range nature of dipolar interaction, we find that a behavior similar as short-range Lieb-Linger gas emerges at the resonance regime.