Minimally flavored colored scalar in $\bar B \to D^{(*)} \tau \bar \nu$ and the mass matrices constraints

TL;DR

This paper explores a minimal colored scalar model to explain anomalies in B meson decays, deriving constraints from various experiments and predicting effects on proton decay and rare top/charm decays.

Contribution

It introduces a minimal Yukawa coupling scenario for a colored scalar that addresses B decay anomalies and connects to grand unification constraints.

Findings

Scalar exchange explains B decay anomalies.

Constraints from Z decay, muon g-2, and lepton flavor violation are derived.

Predictions for proton decay and rare top/charm decays are provided.

Abstract

The presence of a colored scalar that is a weak doublet with fractional electric charges of $|Q|=2/3$ and $|Q|=5/3$ with mass below 1,TeV can provide an explanation of the observed branching ratios in $B \to D^{(*)} \tau \bar \nu$ decays. The required combination of scalar and tensor operators in the effective Hamiltonian for $b \to c \tau \bar \nu$ is generated through the $t$-channel exchange. We focus on a scenario with a minimal set of Yukawa couplings that can address a semitauonic puzzle and show that its resolution puts a nontrivial bound on the product of the scalar couplings to $\bar \tau b$ and $\bar c \nu$. We also derive additional constraints posed by $Z \to b\bar b$, muon magnetic moment, lepton flavor violating decays $\mu \to e \gamma$, $\tau \to \mu \gamma$, $\tau \to e \gamma$, and $\tau$ electric dipole moment. The minimal set of Yukawa couplings is not only compatible with the mass generation in an SU(5) unification framework, a natural environment for colored scalars, but specifies all matter mixing parameters except for one angle in the up-type quark sector. We accordingly spell out predictions for the proton decay signatures through gauge boson exchange and show that $p \rightarrow \pi^0 e^+$ is suppressed with respect to $p \rightarrow K^+ \bar{\nu}$ and even $p \rightarrow K^0 e^+$ in some parts of available parameter space. Impact of the colored scalar embedding in 45-dimensional representation of SU(5) on low-energy phenomenology is also presented. Finally, we make predictions for rare top and charm decays where presence of this scalar can be tested independently.