Coulomb corrections to density and temperature of bosons in heavy ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper modifies a method based on fluctuations to include Coulomb effects for bosons in heavy ion collisions, deriving consistent temperatures and densities that suggest a common underlying phenomenon.

Contribution

It introduces Coulomb corrections to fluctuation-based temperature and density measurements for bosons in heavy ion collisions, enhancing the accuracy of these estimates.

Findings

Temperatures and densities for bosons and fermions are in good agreement.

Energy densities derived from bosons and neutrons are consistent.

Results support the hypothesis of a shared phase transition or reaction mechanism.

Abstract

A recently proposed method, based on quadrupole and multiplicity fluctuations in heavy ion collisions, is modified in order to take into account distortions due to the Coulomb field. This is particularly interesting for bosons produced in heavy ion collisions, such as $d$ and $\alpha$ particles. We derive temperatures and densities seen by the bosons and compare to similar calculations for fermions. The resulting energy densities agree rather well with each other and with the one derived from neutrons. This suggests that a common phenomenon, such as the sudden opening of many reaction channels and/or a liquid gas phase transition, is responsible for the agreement.