Dynamics in the smectic phase of stiff viral rods

TL;DR

This study investigates how the increased stiffness of viral rods affects their phase behavior and dynamics in smectic phases, revealing enhanced in-layer diffusion and layer transport mechanisms in stiffer rods.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the influence of viral rod stiffness on smectic phase dynamics and self-diffusion, using direct visualization and phase transition analysis.

Findings

Stiffer viral rods show more pronounced in-layer self-diffusion.

Mass transport occurs between smectic layers for both stiff and flexible rods.

Stiffness affects the location of the nematic-smectic phase transition.

Abstract

We report on the dynamics in colloidal suspensions of stiff viral rods, called fd-Y21M. This mutant filamentous virus exhibits a persistence length 3.5 times larger than the wild-type fd-wt. Such a virus system can be used as a model system of rodlike particles for studying their self-diffusion. In this paper, the physical features, such as rod contour length and polydispersity have been determined for both viruses. The effect of viral rod flexibility on the location of the nematic-smectic phase transition has been investigated, with a focus on the underlying dynamics studied more specifically in the smectic phase. Direct visualization of the stiff fd-Y21M at the scale of a single particle has shown the mass transport between adjacent smectic layers, as found earlier for the more flexible rods. We could relate this hindered diffusion with the smectic ordering potentials for varying rod concentrations. The self-diffusion within the layers is far more pronounced for the stiff rods as compared to the more flexible fd-wt viral rod.