The Dark Side of the Universe after Planck
Cheng Cheng, Qing-Guo Huang

TL;DR
This paper analyzes tensions between Planck data and other astrophysical observations within the ΛCDM and wCDM models, exploring dark radiation and dark energy properties, and finds evidence favoring phantom-like dark energy.
Contribution
It demonstrates how introducing dark radiation and a phantom-like dark energy component can alleviate dataset tensions and provides constraints on these parameters.
Findings
Dark radiation can relax the H_0 tension.
A phantom-like dark energy is preferred at over 95% CL.
No significant evidence for evolving dark energy equation of state.
Abstract
Recently released Planck data implies a smaller Hubble constant than that from Hubble Space Telescope project (HST) and a larger percentage of the matter components compared to Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS) in CDM model. In this paper we found that even though the tension on between Planck and HST can be relaxed if the dark radiation is introduced ( at CL from the datasets of Planck+WMAP Polarization (WP)+baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO)+the combination of supernova Union2.1 compilation of 580 SNe (Union2.1)+HST), from Planck is still not nicely compatible with that from SNLS. The tensions between Planck and other astrophysical datasets can be significantly relaxed in CDM model, and the combination of these datasets prefers a phantom-like dark energy at more than CL: $w=-1.15\pm…
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