Design Studies of the PWO Forward End-cap Calorimeter for PANDA

TL;DR

This paper details the mechanical design and simulation analysis of the Forward End-cap calorimeter for the PANDA detector, demonstrating it meets the energy and spatial resolution requirements for studying QCD phenomena in antiproton-proton collisions.

Contribution

It introduces the mechanical design and simulation validation of the PWO calorimeter for PANDA, ensuring performance standards for high-energy physics experiments.

Findings

Simulation results meet energy resolution requirements

Prototype data validate Monte Carlo simulations

Design fulfills PANDA physics program needs

Abstract

The PANDA detection system at FAIR, Germany, is designed to study antiproton-proton annihilations, in order to investigate among others the realm of charm-meson states and glueballs, which has still much to reveal. The yet unknown properties of this field are to be unraveled through studying QCD phenomena in the non-perturbative regime. The multipurpose PANDA detector will be capable of tracking, calorimetry, and particle identification, and is foreseen to run at high luminosities providing average reaction rates up to 20 Million interactions/s. The envisaged physics program requires measurements of photons and charged particles with excellent energy, position, and time resolutions. The electromagnetic calorimeter (EMC) will serve as one of the basic components of the detector setup and comprises cooled Lead-Tungstate (PbWO4) crystals. This paper presents the mechanical design of the Forward End-cap calorimeter and analyses the response of this detector component in conjunction with the full EMC and the complete PANDA detector. The simulation studies are focused on the performance of the planned EMC with respect to the energy and spatial resolution of the reconstructed photons. Results of the Monte Carlo simulations, excluding very low-energy photons, have been validated by data obtained from a prototype calorimeter and shown to fulfil the requirements imposed by the PANDA physics program.