Cell Growth and Size Homeostasis in Silico

TL;DR

This paper develops a computational model to understand how cell growth and size are regulated, incorporating size-dependent growth rates and stochastic division, aligning well with experimental data.

Contribution

It introduces a novel in-silico model linking mRNA and ribosome levels to cell growth and division, advancing understanding of size homeostasis.

Findings

Model accurately reproduces experimental size distributions.

Growth rate is regulated by mRNA and ribosome levels.

Alternative models are explored to understand growth regulation.

Abstract

Cell growth in size is a complex process coordinated by intrinsic and environmental signals. In a recent work [Tzur et al., Science, 2009, 325:167-171], size distributions in an exponentially growing population of mammalian cells were used to infer the growth rate in size. The results suggest that cell growth is neither linear nor exponential, but subject to size-dependent regulation. To explain their data, we build a model in which the cell growth rate is controlled by the relative amount of mRNA and ribosomes in a cell. Plus a stochastic division rule, the evolutionary process of a population of cells can be simulated and the statistics of the in-silico population agree well with the experimental data. To further explore the model space, alternative growth models and division rules are studied. This work may serve as a starting point for us to understand the rational behind cell growth and size regulation using predictive models.