Sedimentation stability and aging of aqueous dispersions of Laponite in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide

TL;DR

This study investigates how cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) affects the sedimentation stability and aging of aqueous Laponite dispersions, revealing three sedimentation regimes and the impact of centrifugation on sediment structure.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the destabilization mechanisms of Laponite suspensions by CTAB and the sedimentation regimes under different centrifugation conditions.

Findings

CTAB induces sedimentation and phase separation in Laponite suspensions.

Three sedimentation regimes identified: continuous, zone-like, and gel-like.

Centrifugal force can collapse soft sediments in the zone-like regime.

Abstract

This work discusses the sedimentation stability and aging of aqueous suspension of Laponite in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The concentration of Laponite was fixed at the constant level $C_l=2$ %wt, which corresponds to the threshold between equilibrium gel IG$_1$ and repulsive gel IG$_2$ phases. The concentration of CTAB $C_s$ was within 0-0.3 %wt. In the presence of CTAB the Laponite aqueous suspensions were unstable against sedimentation and they separated out into upper and bottom layers (U- and B-layers, respectively). The dynamic light scattering technique revealed that the addition of CTAB even at rather small concentration, $C_s=0.0164$ %wt ($0.03 CEC$), induced noticeable changes in the aging dynamics of U-layer, and it was explained by equilibration of CTAB molecules that were initially non-uniformly distributed between different Laponite particles. Accelerated stability analysis by means of analytical centrifugation with rotor speed ${\omega}=500-4000$ rpm revealed three sedimentation regimes: continuous (I, $C_s<0.14$ %wt), zone-like (II, $0.14<C_s<0.2$ %wt) and gel-like (III, $C_s >0.2$ %wt). It was demonstrated that B-layer was "soft" in the zone-like regime. The increase of ${\omega}$ resulted in its supplementary compressing and the collapse of "soft" sediment above certain critical centrifugal acceleration.