Reversal mechanism of an individual Ni nanotube simultaneously studied by torque and SQUID magnetometry

TL;DR

This study combines torque magnetometry and SQUID measurements to analyze the reversal mechanisms in a single Ni nanotube, revealing vortex-like states with potential applications in memory and sensing.

Contribution

It introduces a dual-measurement approach to study individual nanotube magnetization and reversal processes, providing detailed insights into vortex formation.

Findings

Reversible and irreversible reversal processes observed.

Vortex-like states identified in nanotube segments.

Stray-field free states have potential for memory and sensing applications.

Abstract

Using an optimally coupled nanometer-scale superconducting quantum interference device, we measure the magnetic flux originating from an individual ferromagnetic Ni nanotube attached to a Si cantilever. At the same time, we detect the nanotube's volume magnetization using torque magnetometry. We observe both the predicted reversible and irreversible reversal processes. A detailed comparison with micromagnetic simulations suggests that vortex-like states are formed in different segments of the individual nanotube. Such stray-field free states are interesting for memory applications and non-invasive sensing.