Graviton creation from the CMB in large scale magnetic fields

TL;DR

This paper investigates how large-scale magnetic fields in the early universe could convert CMB photons into gravitational waves, potentially creating an isotropic high-frequency gravitational wave background.

Contribution

It introduces a mechanism for photon-to-graviton conversion in the presence of large-scale magnetic fields after recombination, offering a new way to study high-frequency gravitational waves.

Findings

Conversion probability is significant under current magnetic field limits.

Produced gravitational waves form an isotropic background in the same frequency range as CMB photons.

The mechanism provides a new observational window into high-frequency gravitational waves.

Abstract

Conversion of the CMB photons into gravitational waves at the post recombination epoch is considered. We calculate the probability of transformation of the CMB photons into gravitons in the presence of a large scale magnetic field. Based on the present day limits on the strength of the large scale magnetic field we show that the probability of the produced gravitons as a result of photon to graviton conversion is reasonable and such mechanism would produce an isotropic background of gravitational waves in the same frequency range of the CMB photons. The mechanism proposed would be a rather good opportunity to study the high frequency part of the spectrum of gravitational waves.