Star-Jet Interactions and Gamma-Ray Outbursts from 3C454.3

TL;DR

This paper presents a model explaining the bright GeV gamma-ray flares from blazar 3C454.3 through jet-star interactions, involving compact gas clouds and star wind effects, aligning with observed flare timescales and constraining key source parameters.

Contribution

The study introduces a novel jet-star interaction model that accounts for gamma-ray flares and constrains black hole mass, jet power, and Doppler factor, without specifying particle acceleration mechanisms.

Findings

Explains day-long gamma-ray flares with jet-star interactions.

Constrains black hole mass to approximately 10^9 solar masses.

Highlights potential advantages of proton synchrotron radiation.

Abstract

We propose a model to explain the ultra-bright GeV gamma-ray flares observed from the blazar 3C454.3. The model is based on the concept of a relativistic jet interacting with compact gas condensations produced when a star (red giant) crosses the jet close to the central black hole. The study includes an analytical treatment of the evolution of the envelop lost by the star within the jet, and calculations of the related high-energy radiation. The model readily explains the day-long, variable on timescales of hours, GeV gamma-ray flare from 3C454.3, observed during November 2010 on top of a weeks-long plateau. In the proposed scenario, the plateau state is caused by a strong wind generated by the heating of the star atmosphere by nonthermal particles accelerated at the jet-star interaction region. The flare itself could be produced by a few clouds of matter lost by the red giant after the initial impact of the jet. In the framework of the proposed scenario, the observations constrain the key model parameters of the source, including the mass of the central black hole: $M_{\rm BH}\simeq 10^9 M_{\odot}$, the total jet power: $L_{\rm j}\simeq 10^{48}\,\rm erg\,s^{-1}$, and the Doppler factor of the gamma-ray emitting clouds, $\delta\simeq 20$. Whereas we do not specify the particle acceleration mechanisms, the potential gamma-ray production processes are discussed and compared in the context of the proposed model. We argue that synchrotron radiation of protons has certain advantages compared to other radiation channels of directly accelerated electrons.