Nonlinear propagation of polarized light pulses in a medium of atoms with degenerate energy levels: adiabatic approach

TL;DR

This paper presents a comprehensive adiabatic approach to model nonlinear polarized light pulse propagation in atomic media with degenerate levels, revealing new effects like polarization phase modulation and pulse slowing.

Contribution

It introduces a general method combining Maxwell equations, atomic density matrices, and adiabatic approximation for nonlinear light propagation in complex media.

Findings

Pulses of ellipticity and polarization orientation slow down during propagation.

Analytical expressions for the slowing factor are derived.

Stimulated phase modulation and phase pilot pulse generation are predicted.

Abstract

We develop a general method allowing one to construct the consistent theory of light pulse propagation through an atomic medium in arbitrary nonlinear regime with respect to the field strength, taking into account the light polarization, temporal (frequency) and spatial dispersions. The method is based on the reduced Maxwell equation, atomic density matrix formalism and adiabatic approximation. In order to demonstrate the efficiency of our method we investigate in detail the case of propagation of the polarization pulse under conditions of coherent population trapping in a medium of two-level atoms with degenerate energy levels. Equations describing the evolution of various field parameters are derived. It is shown that pulses of ellipticity and spatial orientation of polarization ellipse propagate with slowing. Analytical expressions for the slowing factor are obtained. A previously unknown effects of the stimulated phase modulation and the generation of a phase pilot pulse by the variation of spatial orientation of the polarization ellipse are predicted. In addition, we show that the spatial dispersion can be interpreted as "wind effects".