On energy exchange rate and entropy production operators in quantum fluctuation-dissipation relations

TL;DR

This paper proposes definitions for energy exchange rate and entropy production operators in quantum systems with time-dependent Hamiltonians, analyzing their roles within generalized fluctuation-dissipation relations.

Contribution

It introduces new operator definitions for energy change rate and entropy production in quantum systems, enhancing the understanding of fluctuation-dissipation relations.

Findings

Operators are rigorously defined for time-dependent quantum systems.

The framework clarifies the role of these operators in fluctuation-dissipation relations.

The approach uses Jordan-symmetrized chronological operator ordering.

Abstract

For quantum systems with externally time-varied Hamiltonians a definition of operators of system's energy change rate (work per unit time) and entropy production observables is suggested and discussed in the context of rigorous statistical equalities (generalized fluctuation-dissipation relations) under the Jordan-symmetrized chronological operator ordering rule.