Effects of Non-Commutativity on Light-Hydrogen-Like Atoms and Proton Radius

TL;DR

This study investigates how non-commutative quantum theories affect hydrogen-like atom spectra, especially muon hydrogen, to address the proton radius puzzle, revealing that non-commutativity can explain discrepancies and align theory with experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a relativistic perturbation approach to analyze non-commutative effects on atomic spectra, providing specific parameter values that reconcile theory with experimental data.

Findings

Non-commutativity effects are more significant in muon hydrogen than in electron hydrogen.

The space-space non-commutativity parameter exceeds previous limits but can still resolve the proton radius puzzle.

Space-time non-commutativity aligns with Lamb shift constraints and improves agreement with experimental isotope shifts.

Abstract

We study the corrections induced by the theory of non-commutativity, in both space-space and space-time versions, on the spectrum of hydrogen-like atoms. For this, we use the relativistic theory of two-particle systems to take into account the effects of the reduced mass, and we use perturbation methods to study the effects of non-commutativity.We apply our study to the muon hydrogen with the aim to solve the puzzle of proton radius [R. Pohl et al., Nature 466, 213 (2010) and A. Antognini et al., Science 339, 417 (2013)]. The shifts in the spectrum are found more noticeable in muon H (muH) than in electron H (eH) because the corrections depend on the mass to the third power; This explains the discrepancy between muH and eH results. In space-space non-commutativity, the parameter required to resolve the puzzle Theta(ss) (0.35GeV)-2, exceeds the limit obtained for this parameter from various studies on eH Lamb shift. For space-time non-commutativity, the value Theta(st) (14.3GeV)-2 has been obtained and it is in agreement with the limit determined by Lamb shift spectroscopy in eH. We have also found that this value fills the gap between theory and experiment in the case of muD and improves the agreement between theoretical and experimental values in the case of hydrogen-deuterium isotope shift.